On May 8, 2018, President Donald Trump announced the United States' withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and reimposed nuclear-related sanctions on Iran. The IAEA had certified Iranian compliance with the nuclear provisions at withdrawal. The remaining parties—United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, China, and the EU—stated they would preserve the agreement. Iran began exceeding enrichment limits in 2019. By early 2023, the IAEA estimated Iran could reach nuclear breakout capability in approximately 12 days. In 2025, the IAEA declared Iran noncompliant with nuclear obligations, and snapback sanctions were reimposed.