Kant's Island Universes Theory

In his 1755 work 'Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens', Immanuel Kant proposed that the Milky Way formed as a disk of stars from a spinning nebula, and that distant 'nebulous stars' were separate 'island universes' similar to our galaxy. Kant, working in Königsberg and building on Thomas Wright's earlier work, theorized that solar systems formed from rotating gas clouds that flatten into disks as part of his nebular hypothesis. His concepts extended astronomical thinking beyond the solar system to encompass a cosmos containing multiple galaxies, anticipating later confirmed theories in cosmology.