Galland Publishes First European Translation of One Thousand and One Nights

French orientalist Antoine Galland published Les Mille et une Nuits between 1704 and 1717, the first European-language translation of the Arabic story collection. Working from a four-volume Syrian manuscript, Galland also incorporated stories from oral sources, including tales told by Hanna Diyab, a Syrian Maronite Christian from Aleppo. Several stories now among the collection most widely known — including Aladdin and Ali Baba — do not appear in any known Arabic manuscript and were added by Galland from these oral sources. The translation remained the standard European edition for over a century.