On November 30, 2022, OpenAI released ChatGPT, a conversational AI assistant built on the GPT-3.5 large language model. It reached one million users in five days and one hundred million users in sixty days — the fastest consumer product adoption in history. ChatGPT made large language model capabilities accessible to the general public for the first time, triggering an immediate competitive response from Google, Microsoft, Anthropic, and Meta, and igniting a global debate about AI's impact on education, employment, creativity, and national security. The release marked the moment AI became a mainstream public issue.