On May 5, 1992, id Software released Wolfenstein 3D through Apogee Software shareware distribution model. Programmed by John Carmack using a raycasting engine that rendered texture-mapped pseudo-3D environments on hardware lacking dedicated graphics acceleration, the game placed players in a first-person perspective navigating rooms and corridors. Built on a concept by John Romero to remake the 1981 stealth game Castle Wolfenstein as a fast-paced action title, it sold over 200,000 copies by year end and established conventions adopted across the first-person shooter genre.